About me

Dr.rer.nat. Martin Polák

I pursued my studies in psychology, with a specialization in clinical psychology and psychotherapy, at the universities of Trnava, Munich, Graz, and Vienna. My doctoral research focused on evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of innovative forms of cognitive-behavioral therapy, specifically examining Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) and Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in treating panic disorder, social phobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. As an active member of the European Society for Internet Intervention Research and the Society for Virtual Reality Therapy, I have had the privilege to present my findings at numerous scientific conferences across Europe. Additionally, I garnered my professional experience over a five-year period working with clients experiencing behavioral and emotional disorders with onset occurring in childhood and adolescence (F90-F98). I gained this experience within a multidisciplinary team setting in Vienna, where I also served as a team coordinator for two years. My professional journey also includes valuable experiences gained at the Philip Pinel Psychiatric Hospital in Pezinok and the Veľké Zálužie Psychiatric Hospital in Slovakia. Currently, I work as a clinical psychologist and psychotherapist at the Ambulance of clinical psychology and psychotherapy in Bratislava, while pursuing further psychotherapeutic training in cognitive-behavioral therapy. I am currently enrolled as a participant in the Clinical Psychology Specialization program at Comenius University in Bratislava.


FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

From the evolutionary point of view, fear is one of the oldest and strongest emotions. We experience fear at the thoughts-level, but it also triggers a strong bodily reaction. When facing danger, primarily, a special brain-area known as amygdala activates .When activated, the amygdala sends signals to the nervous system in response to the stimulus that caused fear. As a result, the body immediately releases stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, increases blood pressure and heart rate. Our breathing speeds up and blood flow changes. The blood flows into the limbs, which facilitates the much-needed arousal and fast movement. Our body thus prepares for the ancient automatic reaction—fight or flight. If the fear becomes too strong or if there is no way to escape, individuals may get stuck in an unpleasant paralysis, also known as "freeze".
Fear is a natural reaction to certain events, objects, or situations we encounter over the course of life. However, if it begins to interfere with the ability to function normally and starts causing a long-term decline in the quality of our lives, it is time to talk about a phobia or an anxiety disorder. Phobias belong to a group of anxiety disorders. A simple definition of phobias could be that they present an 'excessive fear of harmless objects or situations that lasts long enough to significantly interfere with the quality of life.' It is quite understandable for you to experience a slight restlessness or even fear in a gloomy cellar, especially after watching a horror movie. Such a reaction is completely appropriate. However, if the mere thought of staying in a cellar or any dark room causes you a great deal of stress for several months, this clearly is a phobic reaction. And this is just one example, as the number of phobias really is countless.
At VIRTUO, we help our clients gain control over their phobias and anxieties as soon as possible. We use the most effective methods, verified by years of scientific research and practice. We are convinced that only those who understand their fear can effectively defeat it. When regaining control over fear, it is therefore important to understand that all your physical and mental reactions in unpleasant situations follow certain patterns. Avoiding feared situations is also a habit that actually perpetuates the vicious circle of phobia and anxiety.
Face your fears to get over themUnlike traditional exposure therapy, where confronting feared stimuli in real life is a fundamental part of the treatment, virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) uses the innovative technology of virtual reality, which enables confrontation with feared stimuli in a variety of virtual environments. In addition to changing unproductive thinking about feared situations and reducing avoidant behavior, VRET includes gradual exposure to stimuli that cause anxiety and disrupt the normal functioning of affected individuals in their everyday lives. VRET presents a modern psychological treatment, with high treatment efficacy that has been continuously confirmed since the 90s. It represents a practical stage between a conversation about a dreaded situation and a confrontation/ exposure in real life. One of the greatest advantages of VRET is that clients can face dreaded objects or situations in a secure, controlled, and predictable environment. The severity of a situation can be individually adjusted according to the client’s treatment progress, and the confrontation with the feared situation can be repeated until the fear drops to the required level. In this way, users gradually gain control over their fears and learn that they can live a more relaxed life. Want to change your life for the better now? Schedule an appointment!
The method of VRET offers various advantages over traditional exposure delivery, such as allowing clients to interact with virtual stimuli in a safe and controlled environment, which makes it easier to get accustomed to the feared stimuli. As such, VRET presents a platform where effective relaxation training can be easily incorporated. In virtual reality, the whole exposure process can be repeated as many times as necessary, which is clearly a major advantage over conventional exposure interventions. Examples from real-life practice show that when trying to confront feared stimuli in vivo, it is usually difficult to repeat the exposure as much as needed within a short period of time. For instance, individuals affected by an excessive fear of flying usually experience difficulties practicing multiple exposures in real life, as air travel is still a costly and logistically demanding mode of transportation. In virtual reality, you can practice the exposure as many times as needed. In addition, findings from scientific research show significant fear reduction after only about 8-10 sessions, which makes virtual reality exposure therapy one of the most cost-efficient treatment interventions for phobias. Scientific studies confirm that virtual reality exposure therapy is highly preferred among young people and individuals suffering from specific phobias such as fear of driving, public speaking, medical examinations and blood sampling, or claustrophobia, and many others. Please see the Frequently Asked Questions for more information Schedule your first appointment now.
Virtual reality has undergone meticulous study over many years, providing us with a precise understanding of its functionality. While some individuals from older generations may perceive virtual reality as unfamiliar or potentially hazardous, the experience within virtual reality is entirely safe. For those who may still struggle to grasp the concept of virtual reality, consider envisioning it as a miniature cinema hall, with you seated in the front row while a movie unfolds before your eyes. If you have ever visited a movie theater and donned 3D glasses, you have experienced a sensation akin to virtual reality. To ensure a comfortable and safe experience, we recommend taking breaks every 30 minutes, removing the headset, and allowing yourself a moment to rest—perhaps by simply sitting still. With these precautions in place, you can enjoy the virtual reality experience with peace of mind. .In case you are still having difficulty with the concept of virtual reality, try to imagine it as a tiny cinema hall, with you sitting in the front row and a movie running in front of your eyes. If you've ever visited a movie theater and worn 3D glasses, you've had an experience similar to virtual reality. We recommend taking a break every 30 minutes, removing the headset, and waiting a while, e.g. just sitting. Then, the VR experience can continue safely.


OFFER

Our treatment plan typically consists of approximately ten 50-minute sessions, during which most specific phobias can be effectively treated. However, it is important for us to provide you with as much time as you truly need. In cases where multiple issues are present, additional sessions may be necessary. Please note that the first session may require 1.5 hours to establish the treatment plan.

1. session Exploration of the problem & treatment goal setting
2. – 4.  session: Knowledge and techniques acquisition
5. – 9. session: Training in virtual reality
10. session: Completion

We offer block-scheduled sessions spread over two to three days for clients with travel issues.

Initial session

90
  • Duration: 90 min.

Normal session

60
  • Duration: 50 min.

Online session

60
  • Duration: 50 min.

Reduced session

50
  • Duration: 50 min.

VR in practice

Flexible
  • Duration: flexible

Articles

Kognitívno-behaviorálny prístup

Kniha „Poradenská psychológia a jej využitie v praxi (Grada, 2024)“ ponúka vôbec po prvý raz na Slovensku unikátny pohľad na viaceré odborné témy v zhutnenom texte. V prehľade psychologických prístupov sú to napr. terapia zameraná na emócie, procesorientovaná terapia, biodromálny prístup a i.

Psychológ o strachu z lietania: Alkoholom ho neodbúrate. A vynechajte aj kofeín

Psychológ MARTIN POLÁK radí expozičnú terapiu spolu s kognitívno-behaviorálnou terapiou medzi najefektívnejšie liečby fóbií. „Expozičná terapia pracuje s postupným vystavovaním tomu, čo v človeku vyvoláva strach ,a snaží sa ho privyknúť na danú situáciu či objekt. My ľudia si vieme zvyknúť na všetko,“ hovorí v rozhovore pre SME.


REFERENCES



CONTACT


Get in touch


Contact

+421 915 546 098

info@virtuo.sk


Opening hours

PO: 9:00 – 18:00
UT: 9:00 – 18:00
ST: 9:00 – 18:00
ŠT: 9:00 – 18:00
PI: 9:00 – 18:00


Address

Seberíniho 1765/9

3rd floor, door 321

Bratislava
821 03

Parking possibility in the hotel's parking lot


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